來(lái)源：市場(chǎng)資訊

（來(lái)源：juebukeyi）

清澈山間溪流的石頭下，藏著一群長(zhǎng)相特別的小甲蟲(chóng)，它們就是扁泥甲科（Psephenidae）昆蟲(chóng)，隸屬于鞘翅目（Coleoptera）多食亞目（Polyphaga）。

Psephenus herricki

因?yàn)橛紫x(chóng)又圓又扁，趴在石頭上像一枚迷你銅幣，常被稱(chēng)為水硬幣，是溪流里辨識(shí)度超高的小可愛(ài)。

Psephenus herricki

扁泥甲的一生很有“反差感”。幼蟲(chóng)全程生活在水里，身體扁扁圓圓的，像一片小盾牌，頭和細(xì)腿都藏在寬大的背板下，看起來(lái)呆萌又安穩(wěn)。它們不用浮出水面呼吸，腹部藏著細(xì)密的氣管鰓，在水里就能輕松換氣。

Psephenus herricki

平時(shí)它們緊緊扒在巖石上，慢悠悠刮食石頭上的藻類(lèi)，就算水流很急也沖不走。

長(zhǎng)大變成成蟲(chóng)后，它們就離開(kāi)水里，變成黑褐色的小圓甲蟲(chóng)。成蟲(chóng)壽命較短，進(jìn)食很少，主要忙著繁衍后代，完成使命就匆匆結(jié)束一生。

Psephenus herricki

扁泥甲對(duì)水質(zhì)特別挑剔，污水、臟水里活不下去，哪里有它們活躍，就說(shuō)明那里的溪水干凈清澈，是天然的“水質(zhì)檢測(cè)員”。

參考文獻(xiàn)

1. LEE C H I F, Sato M, Shepard W D, et al. Phylogeny of Psephenidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea) based on larval, pupal and adult characters[J]. Systematic Entomology, 2007, 32(3): 502-538.

2. Beutel R G. Phylogenetic analysis of Elateriformia (Coleoptera: Polyphaga) based on larval characters[J]. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 1995, 33(3‐4): 145-171.

3. Barr C B, Shepard W D. A taxonomic review of the genus Psephenops Grouvelle of the Lesser Antilles with description of new species Psephenops trini, and reassignment of Peruvian species Psephenus robacki Spangler (Coleoptera: Psephenidae: Psepheninae)[J]. 2024.

4. McShaffrey D, McCafferty W P. The behaviour and form of Psephenus herricki (DeKay)(Coieoptera: Psephenidae) in relation to water flow[J]. Freshwater Biology, 1987, 18(2): 319-324.

5. Hinton H E. Respiratory adaptations of the pupae of beetles of the family Psephenidae[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 1966, 251(771): 211-245.

參考圖片

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/308314724

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/126850756

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/120570542

https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/34612225