論文丨全球人工智能治理：概況、關鍵挑戰與中國方案

論文發表

近日，復旦大學國際問題研究院教授，全球人工智能創新治理中心副主任蔡翠紅研究成果“Global AI Governance: Overview, Key Challenges and China’s Approach”（《全球人工智能治理：概況、關鍵挑戰與中國方案》）發表于

China International Studies

作者/Author

蔡翠紅，復旦大學國際問題研究教授，全球人工智能創新治理中心副主任

Cai Cuihong, Professor of International Relations with the Institute of Intenational Studies, Fudan University; Deputy Director of the Center for Global AI Innovative Governance.

摘要/Abstract

人工智能正深度嵌入經濟發展、社會治理與國家安全領域，全球人工智能治理體系在加速制度化的同時，呈現出規則碎片化、技術與資源高度集中、治理能力不對稱以及價值敘事分化等突出特征。當前治理格局表現為多層嵌套與多中心并存，中美歐在治理理念、制度工具與戰略目標上的路徑分化不斷加劇，同時科技企業與標準組織作為“準治理者”的崛起，重塑了全球治理權力結構。相較之下，全球南方國家在規則制定、資源獲取與議程設置中持續處于結構性弱勢，智能鴻溝呈現固化趨勢。在此背景下，中國通過強調發展權與安全并重、推進科技自主與開放合作、強化南南合作與能力建設，并提出系統化的治理倡議與行動方案，為全球人工智能治理提供了有別于西方路徑的制度選擇，拓展了構建更加包容、公平與可持續全球治理體系的現實可能性。

Artificial intelligence is becoming deeply embedded in economic development, social governance, and national security, accelerating the institutionalization of global AI governance. At the same time, the emerging governance landscape is characterized by increasing fragmentation of rules, high concentration of technological capabilities and resources, asymmetric governance capacities, and growing divergence in normative narratives. Global AI governance has taken on a multilayered and polycentric structure, within which the United States, the European Union, and China have pursued increasingly differentiated governance approaches in terms of principles, regulatory instruments, and strategic objectives. The growing role of technology firms and standards-setting bodies as quasi-governance actors has further reshaped global power relations. Within this evolving system, countries of the Global South remain structurally disadvantaged in agenda-setting, rule-making, and access to technological resources, reinforcing the persistence of the global AI divide. Against this backdrop, China’s governance approach—emphasizing the balance between development and security, technological autonomy combined with openness, enhanced South–South cooperation, and capacity-building initiatives—offers an alternative institutional pathway for global AI governance and expands the prospects for a more inclusive, equitable, and sustainable global governance order.

關鍵詞/Key Words

人工智能治理；全球治理；制度碎片化；全球南方；中國方案

Artificial Intelligence Governance; Global Governance; Institutional Fragmentation; Global South; China’s approach

原文鏈接/Link

https://www.ciis.org.cn/gjwtyj/ywqk/202512/t20251208_9842.html?sessionid=

來源｜全球人工智能創新治理中心

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