來源：市場資訊

（來源：環球科學科研圈）

中考英語閱讀里也能找到《環球科學》的身影。以下 2 道中考真題涉及兩個有趣的科學主題——熱帶樹木與雷擊的生存策略，以及朋友之間的大腦同步現象。

我們逐題呈現完整原文、考題和題源溯源，文末也附上相應的參考答案，幫你看懂中考閱讀背后的科學故事。

本文目錄 · 2 道真題

01

2025 年成都中考英語閱讀理解 B 篇

02

2020 年成都中考英語閱讀表達 A 篇

01

2025 年成都中考英語閱讀理解 B 篇

生命科學

雷擊樹木 · 植物生理

題 源

中文報道

環球科學微信公眾號

文章標題

《它們主動被雷劈，把壽命延長到了近300歲》

發布時間

2025 年 5 月 26 日

題目原文

Lightning strikes kill millions of trees each year — but it turns out that some large tropical（熱帶的）trees can not only stay alive after they're hit by a strike, but also benefit from its effects, according to a recent study.

Some trees are getting repeatedly hit by lightning over their lifetime. But why can they survive? Researchers don't know for sure. However, they think that trees will be heated less if they're more conductive. That means the energy from lightning is just moving to their neighbors, instead of staying in them. The lightning's strong power kills the parasitic vines（寄生藤蔓）on the trees. It also kills some other trees nearby, reducing competition.

Dipteryx oleifera, a tree in Panama's forests, has probably experienced 10 lightning strikes so far. It stays safe and sound, while most of the neighboring trees were killed. If you are in the forest where it is, you'll know what it is — its huge size and height. "We believe the trees in Panama's forests have five strikes on average. But, you know, some of them obviously have a ton," Evan Gora, a forest ecologist said.

How long do these trees live in the forests? People can't do tree ring dating in tropical forests because the trees don't make continuous growth rings. Researchers guess many of the trees would be hundreds, or maybe even more than 1,000 years old.

What can we learn from the study? The hardest things can turn into good things, can they?

71. Why can some large tropical trees survive lightning strikes?

A. They're not often hit by lightning.

B. The neighboring trees protect them.

C. The lightning energy moves away from them.

72. What may happen after the large trees are hit by lightning?

A. They win better living conditions.

B. They have more neighbors around.

C. They can stand more kinds of danger.

73. What does the treeDipteryx oleiferalook like?

A. Old and weak.

B. Huge and tall.

C. Clean and thin.

74. Why can't people tell the exact age of the large trees hit by lightning?

A. The weather there is terrible.

B. People don't have proper tools.

C. Continuous growth rings can't be found.

75. Which part of the newspaper is this text taken from?

A. Health.

B. Nature.

C. Technology.

02

2020 年成都中考英語閱讀表達 A 篇

社會科學

社交神經 · 神經同步

題 源

英文原文

Scientific American

文章標題

What Makes Us Vibe?

發表時間

2018 年 2 月 20 日

題目原文

Close friends, think alike?

"What! You, too? I believed I was the only one." Have you ever said something like this to someone? 1

It seems that similarity often helps form friendship. The Greek thinker Aristotle once said, "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity; they say that we love those who are like ourselves." 2 Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors, Scientific American reported.

The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. 3 According to their scans, friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation（動機）, learning and memory. 4

"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce（強化） one's own values, opinions, and interests," lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. 5 Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. The scientists did a test with first-year college students the first time they met in class. In this test, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.

從 A~F 選項中，選出 5 個適當的選項補全短文

A. Now, there is some science behind this idea.

B. If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.

C. Friends share a lot of similarities, though there are some differences.

D. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship.

E. However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos.

F. At the same time, scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity.

參考答案

以下答案僅供參考，具體以各省市考試院官方答案為準

01 · 2025 年成都中考英語閱讀理解 B 篇

71. C

72. A

73. B

74. C

75. B

02 · 2020 年成都中考英語閱讀表達 A 篇

1. B

2. A

3. F

4. E

5. D

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